Boys Will Be Boys? Hypermasculine Bias in Church Men's Groups and Related Negative Social Attitudes

Hypermasculine bias focuses on men's power, sexual prowess, dominance, and negative attitudes toward women. Frequent use of militant language in Catholic and Protestant men's groups resembles the aggressive component of this bias. Our study investigated the relationship between preference for militant language in hyper-masculine men's groups and negative social attitudes such as sexism, support for violence to resolve conflict, social discrimination, and dogmatism.